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From here to eternity |
Albert Einstein died on this
day in 1955. He once wrote in a letter:
“I feel myself so much a part of everything living that I am not in the
least concerned with the beginning or ending of the concrete existence of any
one person in this eternal flow.”
When Albert Einstein was a boy, he was fervently religious.
According to his sister, it was an early tutor who aroused these feelings, by
teaching him the principles of Judaism, while Einstein’s first biographer
claimed in 1920 (Einstein was born in
1879) that it was the splendor of Nature and of music that turned the trick.
Einstein himself said his faith grew from his realization of
“the nothingness of the hopes and strivings which chases most men restlessly
through life,” and his recognition of religion “as the first way out.”
Max Jammer, the author of “Einstein and Religion,” says that “such an attitude
toward life can hardly have been entertained by a young boy,” and that
Einstein’s recollection must have been a projection from his later years to his
youth. Never mind that Albert Einstein was probably not your average young boy.
At the age of 12, Einstein lost his religion. “I reached the
conviction that much in the stories of the Bible could not be true,” he
recalled. “The consequence was a positively fanatic orgy of freethinking…” From
that day forward, Einstein never attended a church service or prayed in a
synagogue.
In place of “the religious paradise of youth,” Einstein said,
there was the huge world outside, “which stands before us like a great, eternal
riddle, at least partially accessible to our inspection and thinking. The
contemplation of this world beckoned like a liberation.”
Having cast off the trappings of religion, Einstein gained a
mature religiosity. “I am of the opinion,” he said, “that all the finer
speculations in the realm of science spring from a deep religious feeling, and
that without such feeling they would not be fruitful.”
Ten years later, in 1940, Einstein famously declared, “Science
without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.”
Einstein was deeply influenced by the philosopher Baruch
Spinoza, who put forward a system based on a superior intelligence behind the
curtains of existence, so to speak – an intelligence that hinted at itself through
the beauty and majesty of nature. “I believe in Spinoza’s God who reveals
himself in the orderly harmony of what exists,” Einstein said, “not in a God
who concerns himself with fates and actions of human beings.”
Like another philosopher, Immanuel Kant, Einstein thought
that the world – or our experiences of it – could be put in order by thinking
about it. “The eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility,” he said,
a somewhat mysterious statement in itself. Did he mean that men are not smart
enough to understand it now, but one day might be?
“The most beautiful experience we can have is the
mysterious,” Einstein wrote. “It is the fundamental emotion which stands at the
cradle of true art and true science. Whoever does not know it and can no longer
wonder, no longer marvel, is as good as dead…It was the experience of
mystery—even if mixed with fear—that engendered religion. A knowledge of the
existence of something we cannot penetrate, our perceptions of the profoundest
reason and the most radiant beauty, which only in their most primitive forms
are accessible to our minds—it is this knowledge and this emotion that
constitute true religiosity; in this sense, and in this alone, I am a deeply
religious man.”
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